-
WAJA VOLUME 51 FULL
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAELOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d ARCHEOLOGIE
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAELOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d ARCHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
David A. Aremu
Assisted by
Jonathan O. Aleru and Aicha Toure Gninin
Volume 51 (1&2) 2021
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Board of WAJA
i
Editorial Board
1- Editorial Board
Ballouche, A. – Universite d’ Angers, France
Boachie-Ansah, J. – University of Ghana, Legon, Accra
Derefaka, A. A. – University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Jemkur, J. – University of Jos, Nigeria
Okafor, E. E. – University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Apoh W. – President, W.A.A.A. (Ex-officio)
Kouassi K. S. – Treasurer, W.A.A.A. (Ex-officio)
2- Advisory Board
Professor H. Bocoun
Professor T. Champion
Professor A. F. C. Holl
Professor J. B. Kiethega
Professor M. A. Sowunmi
Professor J. Mangut
Professor Isa Tijjani
Editor-in-chief: – David A. Aremu
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Associate Editors: – Jonathan O. Aleru (Anglophone)
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
- Aicha Toure Gninin
Assistante, Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Development (ISAD)
UFR-SHS Universite Felix Honphouet – Biology Cocody – Abidjan, Cote d’ Ivoire
Business Manager: – R. A. Alabi,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Assist. Business Managers – Kingsley C.Daraojimba
University of Nigeria, Nsukka
– Z. A. Gundu,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
ii
Note to Contributors
Contributors are advised to follow our format in preparing their contributions. We do not accept footnote referencing. All references must be compiled alphabetically at the end of the paper with the surname of authors coming first, followed, by year of publication, then the title of paper and the medium of publication. ALL ILLUSTRATIONS MUST BE DIGITALIZED AND SHOULD HAVE GOOD CONTRAST AND NOT BE TOO MANY. THEY SHOULD BE AT THE END OF THE TEXT BEFORE THE LIST OF REFERENCES. An electronic copy of the text and the illustrations should be sent with two hard copies.
The software used must be indicated. However, we advise any of the following: Microsoft Office – MS – Word, Adobe Page Maker 7 or WordPerfect 8. All contributions not conforming to the above requirements will be rejected.
Papers are to be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief:
Prof. David A. Aremu
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Or
The Business Manager,
Prof. Raphael A. Alabi
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
iii
List of Contributors
Akinwumi Ogundiran, Department of African Studies, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA.
Okopi Ade, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Akinbowale M. AKINTAYO, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Elochukwu A. Nwankwo, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Edmund I. Itanyi, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Jacinta U. Ikegwu, Humanities Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka,
Joshua O. Uzuegbu, Humanities Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Uchenna H. Obieluem, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Peter N. Obochi, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka,
Daniel, Kenechukwu, Ibeanu Anselm, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Edwin E. Okafor, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria Nsukka
Elochukwu A. Nwankwo, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria Nsukka.
John U. Ngonadi, Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria Nsukka
iv
Victoria Stephen Nimzing , Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies,
University of Jos, Nigeria.
Joshua Okenwa Uzuegbu (Ph.D), Humanities Unit, School of General Studies
University of Nigeria, Nsukka,
Anselm M. Ibeanu (Prof), Department of Archaeology and Tourism, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
KOUADIO Aya Anita Sandrine, (Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan /Côte d’Ivoire)
KIENON-KABORE Timpoko Hélène, (Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan /Côte d’Ivoire)
HOUPHOUËT Gnankou Florent Sosthène, (Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan /Côte d’Ivoire)
KIENON-KABORE Timpoko Hélène, (Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan /Côte d’Ivoire)
KOBENAN AttaBradjé Jacob, Docteur en Archéologie, Membre de l’équipe de recherche « Archéologie Technique et Patrimoine (A.T.Pa) », Côte d’Ivoire
BALLO Djalia, Doctorante en Archéologie (ISAD), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny – Côte d’Ivoire.
Mitanhantcha YEO, Université Alassane Ouattara-Côte d’Ivoire.
SANOGO Tiantio, Archéologue Unité pédagogique d’Archéologie Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan- Côte d’Ivoire.
TOURE Gninin Aïcha, Unité Pédagogique d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody-Abidjan- Côte d’Ivoire.
v
Table of Contents
Pages
Editorial Board:………………………………………………………….…………………..…ii
Note to Contributors:……..…………………………………..… ………………………………iii
List of Contributors:………………………………….………………………..……………….iv
Akinwumi Ogundiran, Okopi Ade, Mejiro Rockshelter: Revisiting theLater Stone Age Sequence in Oyo-Ile, Nigeria………………………………………………………………………..1
Akinbowale M. AKINTAYO, Investigation into Site Re-Occupation Mechanism in Ijaye-Orile, Southwest Nigeria: A Theoretical Approach……………………………….15
Elochukwu A. Nwankwo, Edmund I. Itanyi, Jacinta U. Ikegwu, Joshua O. Uzuegbu, Uchenna H. Obieluem, Peter N. Obochi, Ethnoarchaeological Survey of Ugbene-Ajima, Enugu, Nigeria………………………………………………………………………….29
1Daniel, Kenechukwu, 2Ibeanu Anselm, Archaeological investigation of iron smelting in Ukehe, Nsukka Southeast, Nigeria…………………………………………………….49
Edwin E. Okafor, Elochukwu A. Nwankwo, John U. Ngonadi, 60 Years of Archaeological Research and Practice in Southeast Nigeria: An Appraisal……………..63
Victoria Stephen Nimzing, Ethnographic Study of the TarokTraditional Marriage System in Plateau State, Nigeria………………………………………………………………………..84
Joshua Okenwa Uzuegbu , Anselm M. Ibeanu, Preliminary Report of Archaeological Excavation at Oke-Otu Abandoned Settlement in Otu-Egunbe, Kabba, Kogi State, North-Central Nigeria…………………………………………………………………………………………………………100
KOUADIO Aya Anita Sandrine, KIENON-KABORE, Timpoko Hélène, Techniques de confection du tissu en coton chez les Baoulé de Tiebissou………….118
HOUPHOUËT Gnankou Florent Sosthène1, KIENON-KABORE Timpoko Hélène2 ,Contexte actuel des sites et vestiges métallurgiques de la région du Gbêkê au centre de la Côte d’Ivoire : cas du canton Kpekplessou………………………………………128
vi
KOBENAN AttaBradjé Jacob, BALLO Djalia, Les sites de la métallurgie du fer de la région du Folon au nord-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire…………………………………………..141
Mitanhantcha YEO, Aspects sociaux de l’activité céramique dans le Hambol : centre-nord de la Cȏte d’Ivoire…………………………………………………………………………………..154
SANOGO Tiantio, Étude de la céramique du site de Diamakani-Tengrela (nord-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire)…………………………………………………………………………………………167
TOURE Gninin Aïcha, Décors et fonctions des récipients Kpimblé : un patrimoine senoufo quasi méconnu dans le nord de la Côte d’Ivoire………………………………………183
vii
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WAJA JOURNAL 50
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAELOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d’ ARCHEOLOGIE
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAELOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d’ ARCHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
David A. Aremu
Assisted by
Jonathan O. Aleru and Aicha Toure Gninin
Volume 50 (1&2) 2020
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Board of WAJA
i
EDITORIAL
1- Editorial Board
Ballouche, A. – Universite d’ Angers, France
Boachie-Ansah, J .- University of Ghana, Legon, Accra
Derefaka, A. A. – University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Jemkur, J. – University of Jos, Nigeria
Okafor, E. E. – University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Apoh W. – President, W.A.A.A. (Ex- officio)
Kouassi K. S. – Treasurer, W.A.A.A. (Ex-officio)
2- Advisory Board
Professor H. Bocoun
Professor T. Champion
Professor A. F. C. Holl
Professor J. B. Kiethega
Professor M. A. Sowunmi
Professor J. Mangut
Professor Isa Tijjani
Editor-in-chief: – David A. Aremu
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Associate Editors: – Jonathan O. Aleru (Anglophone)
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
- Aicha Toure Gninin
Assistante, Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Development (ISAD)
UFR-SHS Universite Felix Honphouet – Biology Cocody – Abidjan, Cote d’ Ivoire
Business Manager: – R. A. Alabi,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Assist. Business Managers – Kingsley C. Daraojimba University of Nigeria, Nsukka
– Z. A. Gundu,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
ii
Note to Contributors
Contributors are advised to follow our format in preparing their contributions. We do not accept footnote referencing. All references must be compiled alphabetically at the end of the paper with the surname of authors coming first, followed, by year of publication, then the title of paper and the medium of publication. ALL ILLUSTRATIONS MUST BE DIGITALIZED AND SHOULD HAVE GOOD CONTRAST AND NOT BE TOO MANY. THEY SHOULD BE AT THE END OF THE TEXT BEFORE THE LIST OF REFERENCES. An electronic copy of the text and the illustrations should be sent with two hard copies.
The software used must be indicated. However, we advise any of the following: Microsoft Office – MS – Word, Adobe Page Maker 7 or WordPerfect 8. All contributions not conforming to the above requirements will be rejected.
Papers are to be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief:
Prof. David A. Aremu
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Or
The Business Manager,
Prof. Raphael A. Alabi
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
iii
List of Contributors
Macham Mangut and J.O. Aleru, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology
University of Ibadan.
Kyazike Elizabeth, Department of History and Political Science, Kyambogo University
David Akwasi Mensah Abrampah, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies
University of Ghana.
David A. Aremu and Abiola Ibirogba, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Olusegun Opadeji, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Ibadan
Khady Niang and Matar Ndiaye, Faculté des Lettres et sciences Humaines, Université Cheikh Anta Diop.
Otobong Enefiok Akpan, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Opêoluwa Blandine AGBAKA, Institut National des Métiers d’Arts, d’Archéologie et de la Culture (INMAAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Bénin
AHOUEJean- Jacques, Unité pédagogique d’Archéologie Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire
KOUAME Affoua Eugénie, Archéologue Département d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Cocody-Abidjan- Côte d’Ivoire
Biveridge, Fritz.PhD, Institution of affiliation: University of Ghana, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies
AKA Atché Michel, Archéologue Unité pédagogique d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement(ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire.
iv
Simon AGANI, Etudiant en Master Histoire Université Abdou Moumouni du Niger
Goeti BiIrié Maxime, Gaille Elodie and Kiénon-KaboreTimpoko Hélène
Unité Pédagogique d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences
Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD)Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny / Cocody-Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire
Gaille Elodie2 Conservatrice en ethnobotanique Responsable de l’espace d’accueil et d’expositions / Jardin botanique de Neuchâtel Pertuis-du-Sault 58 / CH-2000 Neuchâtel
Asma’u Ahmed Giade (PhD), Department of Archaeology Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Oyinloye, O.Olanrewaju, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Omoraiyewa Olaniyi, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
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WAJA JOURNAL 49 FULL
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAELOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d’ ARCHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
David A. Aremu
Assisted by
Jonathan O. Aleru and Aicha Toure Gninin
Volume 50 (1&2) 2020
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Board of WAJA
i
EDITORIAL
1- Editorial Board
Ballouche, A. – Universite d’ Angers, France
Boachie-Ansah, J .- University of Ghana, Legon, Accra
Derefaka, A. A. – University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Jemkur, J. – University of Jos, Nigeria
Okafor, E. E. – University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Apoh W. – President, W.A.A.A. (Ex- officio)
Kouassi K. S. – Treasurer, W.A.A.A. (Ex-officio)
2- Advisory Board
Professor H. Bocoun
Professor T. Champion
Professor A. F. C. Holl
Professor J. B. Kiethega
Professor M. A. Sowunmi
Professor J. Mangut
Professor Isa Tijjani
Editor-in-chief: – David A. Aremu
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Associate Editors: – Jonathan O. Aleru (Anglophone)
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
- Aicha Toure Gninin
Assistante, Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Development (ISAD)
UFR-SHS Universite Felix Honphouet – Biology Cocody – Abidjan, Cote d’ Ivoire
Business Manager: – R. A. Alabi,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Assist. Business Managers – Kingsley C. Daraojimba University of Nigeria, Nsukka
– Z. A. Gundu,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
ii
Note to Contributors
Contributors are advised to follow our format in preparing their contributions. We do not accept footnote referencing. All references must be compiled alphabetically at the end of the paper with the surname of authors coming first, followed, by year of publication, then the title of paper and the medium of publication. ALL ILLUSTRATIONS MUST BE DIGITALIZED AND SHOULD HAVE GOOD CONTRAST AND NOT BE TOO MANY. THEY SHOULD BE AT THE END OF THE TEXT BEFORE THE LIST OF REFERENCES. An electronic copy of the text and the illustrations should be sent with two hard copies.
The software used must be indicated. However, we advise any of the following: Microsoft Office – MS – Word, Adobe Page Maker 7 or WordPerfect 8. All contributions not conforming to the above requirements will be rejected.
Papers are to be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief:
Prof. David A. Aremu
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Or
The Business Manager,
Prof. Raphael A. Alabi
(email: [email protected])
Department of Archaeology and anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
iii
List of Contributors
Macham Mangut and J.O. Aleru, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology
University of Ibadan.
Kyazike Elizabeth, Department of History and Political Science, Kyambogo University
David Akwasi Mensah Abrampah, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies
University of Ghana.
David A. Aremu and Abiola Ibirogba, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Olusegun Opadeji, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Ibadan
Khady Niang and Matar Ndiaye, Faculté des Lettres et sciences Humaines, Université Cheikh Anta Diop.
Otobong Enefiok Akpan, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Opêoluwa Blandine AGBAKA, Institut National des Métiers d’Arts, d’Archéologie et de la Culture (INMAAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Bénin
AHOUEJean- Jacques, Unité pédagogique d’Archéologie Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire
KOUAME Affoua Eugénie, Archéologue Département d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Cocody-Abidjan- Côte d’Ivoire
Biveridge, Fritz.PhD, Institution of affiliation: University of Ghana, Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies
AKA Atché Michel, Archéologue Unité pédagogique d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences Anthropologiques de Développement(ISAD) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire.
iv
Simon AGANI, Etudiant en Master Histoire Université Abdou Moumouni du Niger
Goeti BiIrié Maxime, Gaille Elodie and Kiénon-KaboreTimpoko Hélène
Unité Pédagogique d’Archéologie de l’Institut des Sciences
Anthropologiques de Développement (ISAD)Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny / Cocody-Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire
Gaille Elodie2 Conservatrice en ethnobotanique Responsable de l’espace d’accueil et d’expositions / Jardin botanique de Neuchâtel Pertuis-du-Sault 58 / CH-2000 Neuchâtel
Asma’u Ahmed Giade (PhD), Department of Archaeology Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Oyinloye, O.Olanrewaju, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Omoraiyewa Olaniyi, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
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WAJA VOLUME 47
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d’ARHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
DAVID A. AREMU
Assisted by
JONATHAN O. ALERU
And OBARE B. BAGODO
Volume 47 (2017)
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Board of WAJA
EDITORIAL
This is the First Volume of West African Journal of Archaeology on Line. The Journal had been in Publication for the past forty-six years. The first publication came out in 1971. We cannot forget the contributions of our heroes past who founded the journal: Late Prof. Thurstan Shaw, S.G.H. Daniels, Nicholas, David and Ekpo Eyo. Late Prof. Bassey Andah came on board of the journal in 1977 and 1978 as Assistant Editor, and Editor- in- chief in 1979 until 1997. Within the eighteen years of his services to WAJA he edited twenty-two Volumes with five of them being Special book issues. Such a committed leader needs to be remembered. Bassey Andah went to be with the Lord in 1997, some twenty years ago. We devote this volume to him in appreciation of his great contributions to the existence of West African Journal of Archaeology up till today.
He sustained the international standard of the journal and succeeded in winning more subscribers from within and outside Nigeria to patronize the Journal. He encouraged many of his younger colleagues to publish in the journal and the publication served as an invaluable source of academic information for scholars in Archaeology and Anthropology in West Africa and other parts of the world. Professor Andah was very much alive to the responsibility of sustaining and improving the Archaeology programme he inherited at the University of Ibadan. It is to his credit that this journal is still alive. It has become a challenge to the Editorial Board to ensure that the good works of this great scholar and others who had contributed to the survival of this International journal before and after him should not go into oblivion.
West African Journal of Archaeology publishes original research and review articles on the Archaeology, cultural resources and cultural history of West Africa in continental and global contexts. We welcome field reports and applied studies that use material culture and related sources to address community centered and environmentally sustainable development process and policies. Theoretical, scientific and policy topics that make use of indigenous knowledge systems are also integral to the goals of the journal.
Volume 47 (2017), have ten articles. Three of the articles are in French and the remaining seven are in English. They are research reports and applied studies from Benin Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria and Togo in commemoration of late Professor Bassey Andah. We encourage our readers to patiently go through each of the papers.
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WAJA VOLUME 48
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE d’ARHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
DAVID A. AREMU
Assisted by
JONATHAN O. ALERU
And OBARE B. BAGODO
Volume 48 (2018)
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Board of WAJA
EDITORIAL
This volume is dedicated to Late Professor Kwesi Anquandah. He was one of the indigenous leaders of Archeological in Legon, Ghana. He was the first African Head of Department of Archeology in the University Of Legon Accra Ghana. He lived a honest Christian life. We missed him.
This is the Second Volume of West African Journal of Archaeology on Line. The Journal had been in Publication for the past forty-six years. The first publication came out in 1971. We cannot forget the contributions of our heroes past who founded the journal. Being on line, the journal has not departed from our primary set goals. It publishes original research and review articles on the Archaeology, cultural resources and cultural history of West Africa in continental and global contexts. We welcome field reports and applied studies that use material culture and related sources to address community centered and environmentally sustainable development process and policies. Theoretical, scientific and policy and topics that make use of indigenous knowledge systems are also integral to the goals of the journal.
Volume 48 (2018), have ten articles. Two of the articles are in French and the remaining eight are in English. They include Research Reports and applied studies from Canary Islands, China, Côte d’Ivoire, Israel and Nigeria. We encourage our readers to patiently go through each of the papers.
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WAJA VOLUME 42
THE AJIBODE “UMF SITE” (N.E. IBADAN, NIGERIA).
A Contribution to the Palaeolithic Settlement Archaeology of the Bight of Benin Region
by
Obare Bagodo
Special Monograph Issue of
West African Journal of Archaeology
Revue Ouest Africaine d’Archéologie
Vol. 42 (1&2) 2012
ISSN 0331 – 3158
Edited by
M.A. Sowunmi
Assisted by Okpoko, A.I and Adande Alexis
Volume 42 (1&2) 2012 Monograph 2
Published on behalf of West African Archaeological Association by
the Editorial Board of WAJAA
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WAJA VOLUME 46
WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY
REVUE OUEST AFRICAINE D’ARCHEOLOGIE
ISSN 0331-3158
Edited by
DAVID A. AREMU
Assisted by
JONATHAN O. ALERU
OBARE B. BAGODO
Volume 46 (1) 2016
Published on Behalf of West African Archaeological
Association by the Editorial Borad of WAJA -